Abstract
Vehicular networks is a key technology for efficiently communicating both user’s devices and cars for timely information regarding safe driving conditions and entertaining applications like social media, video streaming, and gaming services, among others. In view of this, mobile communications making use of cellular resources may not be an efficient and cost-effective alternative. In this context, the implementation of light-fidelity (LiFi) in vehicular communications could be a low-cost, high-data-rate, and efficient-bandwidth usage solution. In this work, we propose a mathematical analysis to study the average throughput in a road intersection equipped with a traffic light that operates as a server, which is assumed to have LiFi communication links with the front lights of the vehicles waiting for the green light. We further assume that the front vehicle (the car next to the traffic light) is able to communicate to the car immediately behind it by using its own tail lights and the front lights of such vehicle, and so on and so forth. The behavior of the road junction is modeled by a Markov chain, applying the Queueing theory with an M/M/1 system in order to obtain the average queue length. Then, Little’s theorem is applied to calculate the average waiting delay when the red light is present in the traffic light. Finally, the mathematical expression of the data throughput is derived.
Highlights
Nowadays, a major open issue in most cities is to improve tra c conditions by means of continuous surveillance of drivers
The authors in [1] proposed a fog-based model for driving rule monitoring services. Such systems can be installed in tra c lights by means of a LiFi communication system to convey information in a smart city environment, where the tra c light communicates to all vehicles in the queue informing them about their individual average speed or driving infractions that happened in the previous streets, for example
The cars waiting in the other direction, where the red light is on, remain longer times waiting for the green light, effectively increasing the average number of vehicles in the crossing. is could suggest that selecting high waiting times in traffic lights would be beneficial for the data transmission in the proposed LiFi system
Summary
A major open issue in most cities is to improve tra c conditions by means of continuous surveillance of drivers. (i) We study the benefits and limitations of an information dissemination system for V2I and V2V downlink communication systems where a LiFi server is installed in traffic lights and vehicles aligned waiting in the queue transmit relevant information (ii) A mathematical model based on a continuous-time Markov chain (CTMC) is used to evaluate the performance of the LiFi system (iii) Different scenarios are proposed to evaluate the system performance in terms of average throughput for different packet sizes, data rates, average times that the traffic light is in red/green, and traffic conditions (iv) Based on the numerical evaluation of the proposed system, we give clear guidelines for the system parameter selection in order to offer adequate throughput in terms of the number of vehicles that can download the data in the junction. The results derived in this work can be extended to multiple lanes if we assume that only cars in the same lane can communicate among them, i.e., cars in a particular lane cannot communicate with cars in another lane
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