Performance analysis of multistage PID controller for frequency regulation of multi microgrid system using atom search optimisation

Abstract

Due to the presence of unpredictable renewable energy sources, the frequency control problem is a complex task in multi microgrid (MMG) systems. This research work recommends an atom search optimisation (ASO)-based multistage proportional–integral–derivative (M-PID) controller for frequency control of the MMG system under random and stochastic environments. The studied MMG system is a combination of photovoltaic, wind turbine and diesel engine generators along with diverse energy storage devices such as battery energy storage system and flywheel energy storage system. A comparative study with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimisation is done to validate the effectiveness of the proposed technique. This prospective analysis is validated in OPAL-RT to check the practicability of this research.