Abstract
Glaucoma is a multifactorial optic neuropathy disease characterized by elevated Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP). As the visual loss caused by the disease is irreversible, early detection is essential. Fundus images are used as input and it is preprocessed using histogram equalization. First order features from histogram and second order features from Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) are extracted from the preprocessed image as textural features reflects physiological changes in the fundus images. Second order textural features are extracted for different quantization levels namely 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 and 256 in four orientations viz 0, 45, 90 and 135° for various distances. Extracted features are selected using Sequential Forward Floating Selection (SFFS) technique.The selected features are fed to Back Propagation Network (BPN) for classification as normal and abnormal images. The proposed computer aided diagnostic system achieved 96% sensitivity, 94% specificity, 95% accuracy and can be used for screening purposes. In this study, the analysis of gray levels have shown their significance in the classification of glaucoma.
Highlights
Glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness is characterized by the progressive degeneration of optic nerve fibers, the “cable” that transmits the visual message from the eye to the brain and characteristic damage to the visual field
First order features from histogram and second order features from Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) are extracted from the preprocessed image as textural features reflects physiological changes in the fundus images
The second leading cause of blindness is characterized by the progressive degeneration of optic nerve fibers, the “cable” that transmits the visual message from the eye to the brain and characteristic damage to the visual field
Summary
The second leading cause of blindness is characterized by the progressive degeneration of optic nerve fibers, the “cable” that transmits the visual message from the eye to the brain and characteristic damage to the visual field. A survey shows that the glaucoma is responsible for 6 million cases worldwide. The main risk factor of glaucoma is elevated pressure in the eye which causes damage to the eye optic nerve. It affects the optic disc by enlarging the cup size. State-of-the art glaucoma detection requires mass screening. A glaucoma expensive digital fundus images are analyzed to discriminate normal and glaucomatous images
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