Abstract
Grant-free multiple access (GFMA) protocol has been regarded as a key element to support sporadic traffic generated from massive internet-of-things (IoT) networks. In GFMA protocol, each IoT device transmits data packets without grant from a base station (BS) via pre-reserved uplink resources. Packet collisions inherently occur when multiple IoT devices transmit packets by using the same radio resource, but the collision effect can be alleviated with multi-packet reception (MPR) capability of the BS. Since a number of studies have focused on improving the physical layer performance such as bit error rate, they may be hard to provide intuitions from the MAC layer perspective when a number of IoT devices sporadically generate uplink packets and attempt the GFMA. In this paper, we thoroughly investigate the GFMA from the MAC layer perspective. We provide an analytical framework based on a Markov chain to capture the performance of the GFMA in terms of packet transmission success probability, ergodic throughput, and access delay. Through simulations, we validate our analytical framework and verify the necessity of adopting MPR technique for supporting a massive number of IoT devices generating sporadic traffic.
Highlights
Internet-of-things (IoT), which connects a massive number of IoT devices with a wide range of applications through IP-based networks, has been considered as a key enabler for Industry 4.0 [1]
The delay performance is evaluated under the assumption that the transmission time interval (TTI) value is 1ms and the point what we should note is that the minimally achievable access delay is 9ms
Scenario 2 shows that a few more resources are sufficient enough to support low-latency transmissions of sporadic traffic generated from a massive number of IoT devices
Summary
Internet-of-things (IoT), which connects a massive number of IoT devices with a wide range of applications through IP-based networks, has been considered as a key enabler for Industry 4.0 [1]. C. Jung: Performance Analysis of GFMA for Supporting Sporadic Traffic in Massive IoT Networks few years, a number of studies have focused on reducing the RA delay by mitigating collision problem [7]–[9], the latency cannot be reduced below a certain value due to the inherent handshaking procedure. Andreev et al [11] proposed a contention-based access, where each IoT device sends data packets over the shared resources without spending time on the RA procedure, i.e., without grant acquisition procedure. We thoroughly investigate grant-free multiple access (GFMA) from the MAC layer perspective under the IoT scenario with sporadic traffic. GRANT-FREE MULTIPLE ACCESS we explain the system model and introduce the GFMA protocol in more detail
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