Abstract
Free space optical communication (FSOC) has emerged as a potential candidate for providing huge bandwidth and solving the problem of spectrum congestion. But the atmospheric conditions limit the performance of FSOC link as the laser signal propagates through the atmospheric channel. This work aims to investigate the performance of FSOC link under average and heavy rainfall weather conditions of India. The meteorological data related to rainfall, over a duration of 4 years, was obtained from the Indian Meteorological Department for six different locations of India, representing the inland and coastal areas. The attenuation coefficient due to rain for all the locations has been calculated using mathematical models. The performance analysis of Wavelength Division Multiplexing based free space optical communication system has been analyzed by incorporating the attenuation due to rain for all considered locations. The inland location of Hyderabad has recorded the minimum attenuation coefficient of 1.91 dB/km due to rain and can support a link range of 5.43 km, corresponding to bit error rate of order of 10−9 under average rain weather conditions. On the other hand, the average rainfall is maximum for the coastal area of Mumbai, resulting in maximum attenuation coefficient of 4.08 dB/km. Moreover, the maximum link range for Mumbai is limited to 3.48 km, corresponding to bit error rate of order of 10–9 under average conditions of rain weather. Similarly, the inland locations of India have delivered a better link performance as compared to coastal areas under heavy rainfall weather conditions also.
Highlights
Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) system uses free space as an unguided media to transmit information using laser signal (Mansour et al 2017)
The attenuation coefficient of Hyderabad is minimum having value of 1.91 dB/km corresponding to average rain weather conditions
The performance analysis of Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) based FSOC system has been done in terms of received power, signal to noise Ratio (SNR), Q-Factor, bit error rate (BER) and eye diagrams
Summary
Free Space Optical Communication (FSOC) system uses free space as an unguided media to transmit information using laser signal (Mansour et al 2017) It is a line of sight based communication and consists of transceivers at both sides to transmit data in full duplex mode. It makes use of infrared, visible and ultraviolet band of spectrum to transmit information using optical signal (Khalighi and Uysal 2014; Chowdhury et al 2018). The advantages of FSOC links over other technologies like Microwave and Radio Frequency (RF) communication are high data rates, less power consumption, license free transmission and high security (Kaur 2019; Tan et al 2019; Yeh et al 2020). A world record has been made by German Aerospace Centre by transmitting data at the rate of 1.72 Tbps for a range of 10.45 km by using FSOC links (Son and Mao 2017)
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