Abstract
Massive MIMO have drawn considerable attention as they enable significant capacity and coverage improvement in wireless cellular network. However, pilot contamination is a great challenge in massive MIMO systems. Under this circumstance, cooperation and three-dimensional (3D) MIMO are emerging technologies to eliminate the pilot contamination and to enhance the performance relative to the traditional interference-limited implementations. Motivated by this, we investigate the achievable sum rate performance of MIMO systems in the uplink employing cooperative base station (BS) and 3D MIMO systems. In our model, we consider the effects of both large-scale and small-scale fading, as well as the spatial correlation and indoor-to-outdoor high-rise propagation environment. In particular, we investigate the cooperative communication model based on 3D MIMO and propose a closed-form lower bound on the sum rate. Utilizing this bound, we pursue a “large-system” analysis and provide the asymptotic expression when the number of antennas at the BS grows large, and when the numbers of antennas at transceiver grow large with a fixed ratio. We demonstrate that the lower bound is very tight and becomes exact in the massive MIMO system limits. Finally, under the sum rate maximization condition, we derive the optimal number of UTs to be served.
Highlights
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can provide a remarkable increase in data rate and reliability compared to the single-antenna system [1, 2], without sacrificing extra bandwidth or transmit power
We focus on the cooperating base station (BS) which are interconnected through ideal links to a central processor (CP), which has perfect channel state information (CSI)
We investigate the sum rate performance of the 3D massive MIMO systems over BS cooperation in composite fading channels considering the effect of spatial correlation at the transmit side and I2O wireless propagation environment
Summary
Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology can provide a remarkable increase in data rate and reliability compared to the single-antenna system [1, 2], without sacrificing extra bandwidth or transmit power. A novel network architecture referred to as massive MIMO or large-scale MIMO has been proposed with significant potential of both increasing the spectral efficiency and providing significant power saving [3, 4] It has a disruptive potential for the future 5G wireless communication [5]. We investigate the sum rate performance of the 3D massive MIMO systems over BS cooperation in composite fading channels considering the effect of spatial correlation at the transmit side and I2O wireless propagation environment. In this scenario, we assume that the cell-edge UTs are uniformly distributed in a building with several floors and cell-center UTs are uniformly distributed in other areas of the cell.
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