Abstract
During pregnancy, maternal cortisol levels are increased 3-fold by the third trimester. The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD, isoforms 1 and 2) regulates the balance between cortisol and cortisone levels. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been reported to inhibit 11β-HSD1 and more potently 11β-HSD2, which could lead to reduced levels of cortisol and more extensively cortisone. The aim of this work is to investigate a possible effect of early pregnancy PFAS exposure on late pregnancy activity of 11β-HSD1 and 11β-HSD2 assessed by cortisol and cortisone levels in diurnal urine (dU) and blood samples. This study is part of the prospective cohort study, Odense Child Cohort (OCC). A total of 1628 pregnant women had serum (S) concentrations of 5 PFAS (perfluorooctanoic acid [PFOA], perfluorooctane sulfonic acid [PFOS], perfluorohexane sulfonic acid [PFHxS], perfluorononanoic acid [PFNA], and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA)) measured in the first trimester (median gestational week, GW 11). dU cortisol and cortisone (n = 344) and S-cortisol (n = 1048) were measured in the third trimester (median GW 27). In multiple regression analyses, a 2-fold increase in S-PFOS was significantly associated with lower dU-cortisone (β = -9.1%, P < .05) and higher dU-cortisol/dU-cortisone (dU-C/C) (β = 9.3%, P < .05). In crude models, a doubling in PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFNA concentrations were associated with a significant increase in S-cortisol; however, these associations became insignificant after adjustment. Early pregnancy maternal S-PFAS were inversely associated with late pregnancy dU-cortisone, indicating reduced activity of 11β-HSD2.
Highlights
Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), an endocrine disorder characterized by androgen excess (1), are more likely to have metabolic abnormalities (2, 3) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) (4, 5) compared with women without PCOS
T Objective: We examined the association of PCOS signs and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in ip premenopausal Hispanic/Latina women. cr Methods: This cross-sectional analysis includes 1,427 women 24-44 years old from the s Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
In Hispanic/Latina women, irregular menstrual cycles, self-reported PCOS, and any PCOS sign were associated with MetS and could indicate women at metabolic disease risk
Summary
In Hispanic/Latina women, irregular menstrual cycles, self-reported PCOS, and any PCOS sign were associated with MetS and could indicate women at metabolic disease risk. Précis Signs of polycystic ovary syndrome, an androgen excess disorder, were associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in premenopausal Hispanic/Latina women from a community-based cohort
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