Abstract
En el techo de la Unidad Intermedia del Mioceno de la Cuenca de Madrid se ha desarrollado un paleokarst temprano, somero y de forma tabular que muestra un marcado control litologico y del dispositivo de facies deposicionales en su genesis. Integrando criterios geomorfologicos, petrograficos y geoquimicos se ha establecido una zonacion hidrogeologica en los perfiles paleokarsticos estudiados, diferenciandose: (i) una zona vadosa caracterizada por la existencia de cavidades alargadas en la vertical tapizadas discontinuamente por espeleotemas y otros cementos vadosos; (ii) una franja de oscilacion del nivel freatico de unos 3-7 metros de espesor, caracterizado por el desarrollo extensivo de cuerpos brechoides estratiformes, la yuxtaposicion de cementos vadosos y freaticos y los contenidos mas bajos en Fe y Mn en el material encajante, y (iii) una zona freatica caracterizada por un aumento en los valores de 813C y el predominio de la cementacion freatica. La correlacion de los perfiles paleokarticos revela una paleogeografia para el techo de la Unidad Intermedia con un paisaje topograficamente descendente de norte a sur en la cuenca para el Vallesiense. [ABSTRACT] An intra-Vallesian (Upper Miocene) paleokarst developed at the top of the Intermediate Miocene Unit in the continental Madrid basin is recognized. This paleokarst is a early shallow, tabular-shaped karst that shows a marked control by the depositional facies pattem and lithologies. By integrating morphological, petrological and geochemical data, three hydrogeological or environmental zones have been established throughout the paleokarstic profiles: (i) a vadose zone, characterized by vertically elongated caves and discontinuous speleothems and vadose cements (ii) a 3-7 m thick water table fringe, characterized by the wide development of stratiform breccia bodies, the superimposition of both vadose and phreatic features, and the lowest Fe and Mn contents in host-rock carbonates; and (iii) a phreatic zone characterized by an increase of 813C values and the predominance of phreatic cementation. The paleogeographic reconstruction for the intra-Vallesian paleokarst using paleokarstic profiles reveals relative topographic highs to the north and topographic lows to the south drawing the paleokarst landscape.
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