Percutaneous Computed Tomography-Guided Radiotracer-Assisted Localization of Difficult Pulmonary Nodules in Uniportal Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery.

Abstract

Objective: To report our institutional experience with radiotracer-assisted localization of lung nodules (RALN) in combination with uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UVATS). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed electronic medical records and radiology images of 27 consecutive adult patients who underwent planned UVATS lung resections combined with RALN from January 2014 to May 2017. Based on preoperative imaging, 29 nondescript nodules were marked with technetium 99 m macroaggregated albumin under computed tomography guidance before resection. Perioperative outcomes were analyzed. Results: All 29 nodules were successfully marked and resected with negative margins by UVATS; 12 (41.5%) were pure ground-glass opacities. Three patients had prior ipsilateral lung resections. There were no conversions to multiport VATS or thoracotomy. The majority (86.5%) of the nodules were malignant. The median nodule size was 8 mm (range: 3-20 mm) and depth, 56 mm (range: 22-150 mm). The majority (21/27; 77.8%) of patients underwent wedge resections alone, while 6 patients had anatomical resections. Median times were as follows: radiotracer injection to surgery, 219 minutes (range: 139-487 minutes); operative time, 85.5 minutes (32-236 minutes); chest tube removal, 1 day (range: 1-2 days); and length of stay, 2 days (range: 1-4 days). Four patients (14.8%) had a pigtail catheter placed for pneumothorax after radiotracer injection. One patient was readmitted 1 week after discharge for a spontaneous pneumothorax. There were no other morbidities or any 90-day mortality. Conclusion: RALN can be combined with UVATS to effectively resect small, deep, or low-density lung lesions that are difficult to visualize or palpate by thoracoscopy.