Abstract
Percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty is an effective alternative to open-heart surgery for moderate and severe pulmonary valvular stenosis and is the treatment of choice for the typical form of this congenital heart defect in many medical centers. Standard right and left heart catheterizations with biplane cineangiocardiography to evaluate the anatomy and motion of the pulmonary valve are performed. If the criteria for balloon valvuloplasty are met, a balloon catheter is inserted in the vein and advanced so that the balloon straddles the stenotic pulmonary valve. The balloon is inflated by hand until the constriction caused by the stenosis disappears. The procedure is repeated to confirm the absence of the constriction and the catheter is removed. Balloon valvuloplasty is a safe procedure, and no fatalities or major morbidity have been reported.
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