Percutaneous application of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell in dogs submitted to minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis of the tibia.

Guilherme Galhardo Franco,Jose Sergio Costa Junior,Luis Gustavo Gosuen Gonçalves Dias,Bruno Watanabe Minto,Rafael Manzini Dreibi

doi:10.1590/acb360206

Abstract

ABSTRACTPurposeTo evaluate clinical outcome following minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) associated with percutaneous transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) at the tibial fracture site in dogs.MethodsThirty-six dogs presenting with nonarticular complete tibial fracture were included in this study. All fractures were treated by the same MIPO technique. The animals were divided in group 1 (n = 20) received a percutaneous application of 3 × 106 AD-MSC at the fracture site and group 2 (n = 16) did not receive any adjuvant treatment. Postoperative radiographic examinations were made at 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days.ResultsFifty-eight percent of the patients were classified as skeletally immature. The median weight of the animals was 18.8 kg. The mean radiographic union time differed statistically between the AD-MSC group (28.5 days) and the control group (70.3 days). Sixty percent of dogs in group 1 and 56.25% of the group 2 were considered immature.ConclusionsThe use of allogeneic AD-MSC cell therapy and MIPO is a safe, viable and effective technique for promoting bone healing in nonarticular tibial fractures in dogs.

Highlights

Biological fracture treatment requires surgical techniques that ensure maximum preservation of integrity and vascularization of adjacent soft tissues, with appropriate implant selection[1].Minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) is the most recent evolution of biological osteosynthesis
The use of MIPO in the treatment of diaphyseal and metaphyseal tibial fractures in dogs is associated with both faster bone healing compared to traditional techniques and low rates of complications[4,5,6]
All animals were treated with MIPO, but the dogs in group 1 received percutaneous transplantation of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) at the fracture site

Summary

Introduction

Invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) is the most recent evolution of biological osteosynthesis In this technique, the fracture site is not exposed, and bone fragments are reduced using indirect techniques[2,3]. The autologous bone graft is still considered the gold standard for reducing healing time, or for use in cases where bone regeneration is impaired. In these cases, surgical access to the donor site is required and this may result in complications[7]. Stem cells can be isolated from a variety of tissues and may be autologous or allogeneic These favors bone healing and can be used as complementary therapy in the treatment of complex fractures or after nonunion[8]

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Results

Conclusion