Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of the percolate in soil columns cultivated with Tiffon-grass 85 under different wastewater rates from swine slaughterhouse and dairy. The experiment was conducted at the Department of Engineering at the Federal University of Lavras, in PVC columns with 0.30 m of diameter and 1.2 m deep, filled with Dark Red Latosol cultivated with Tifton-grass 85. The treatments consisted of a (AQT0) control with recommended chemical fertilization for Tifton-grass 85 (300 kg ha-1 year-1 of N), and four doses of SSW and DPW (100, 200, 300 and 400% of the recommendation) in a CRD with 3 replications. The samples of percolated were collected and characterized weekly. The treatments of highest dosage have obtained COD, after 120 days, of 47.7 mg L-1 (AAT3) and 38.6 mg L-1 (AAT4). Although nitrate concentrations were elevated on the earlier months, the greater assimilation of nutrients by the Tifton-grass 85 and the reduction of the mineralization of organic material resulted in lower nitrate concentrations of 10 mg L-1.
Highlights
With the increase in water demand for agricultural production processes, the practice of the reuse of agroindustrial wastewater stands out due to the need of preservation and maintenance of environmental quality.The slaughterhouse and dairy products wastewater are characterized by high nutritional content and organic matter, originating from their production processes, and, their previous treatment is necessary before their final destination (Tocchi et al, 2013)
Some studies of reuse of agriculture show the capacity of nutrient displacement in the soil profile, as Maggi et al (2011) who observed an increase in the potassium concentration with an increase in the rate of application of swine wastewater (SWW), and Bebé et al (2010), who observed increments in electrical conductivity and sodium in solutions percolated through the soil submitted to coffee wastewater
Dark Red Latosol pH in water; Al, H + Al, Ca + Mg extracted with KCl (1 mol L-1) and volumetric determination with NaOH and complexiometry, respectively: P and K extracted with Mehlich 1 extractor and spectrophotometry and photometry determination of the flame, respectively; N quantified using the method: semi-micro Kjeldahl; CECp calculated from the sum of the exchangeable cations and exchangeable acidity; O.M. quantified using the volumetric method for potassium bichromate
Summary
With the increase in water demand for agricultural production processes, the practice of the reuse of agroindustrial wastewater stands out due to the need of preservation and maintenance of environmental quality.The slaughterhouse and dairy products wastewater are characterized by high nutritional content and organic matter, originating from their production processes, and, their previous treatment is necessary before their final destination (Tocchi et al, 2013). According to Barros et al (2010), when using fertirrigation, whether through conventional chemical fertilization or wastewater, it is important to monitor the dynamics and distribution of nutrients in the soil profile, since this allows establishing qualitative and quantitative criteria for the evaluation of possible environmental impacts In this sense, some studies of reuse of agriculture show the capacity of nutrient displacement in the soil profile, as Maggi et al (2011) who observed an increase in the potassium concentration with an increase in the rate of application of swine wastewater (SWW), and Bebé et al (2010), who observed increments in electrical conductivity and sodium in solutions percolated through the soil submitted to coffee wastewater
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