Perceptions of primiparous women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus: A descriptive qualitative study

Abstract

ObjectiveTo understand the perceptions of primiparous women recently diagnosed with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in Singapore. DesignA descriptive qualitative study design. SettingAn outpatient women's health clinic in a tertiary hospital in Singapore. ParticipantsTwelve English-speaking primiparous women (aged 27-44 years old) who were diagnosed with GDM were recruited via purposive sampling to participate in this study. MethodsFace-to-face interviews were carried out with study participants in a private room at the outpatient clinic from December 2019 to May 2021. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim on the same day. Data analysis was guided by Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis framework. FindingsFour main themes were identified from this study's findings: (1) Life leading to GDM: A 'hint' that something was wrong, (2) Reactions to diagnosis: Shock or acceptance, (3) Learning to cope: Facing internal and external challenges, and (4) Living with GDM: A way forward. Key conclusions and implications for practicePrimiparous women with GDM require comprehensive informational, practical, and emotional support to help them manage and accept their condition. Healthcare providers are encouraged to provide individualised and holistic care to these women using a humanistic approach. Accessible online educational resources and peer support services could be considered. Public campaigns to increase the general public's awareness of GDM would also allow future women and their families to be more familiar with the condition and hence more prepared to cope with it.