Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the perceptions of people with intestinal ostomies on changes related to nutritional and lifestyle aspects. Method: exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, performed with 17 patients with intestinal ostomies, who participate in a group of ostomized in a municipality in the countryside of Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed based on the thematic analysis from which two categories emerged: “Change in the eating habits and nutritional profile of people with ostomy” and “living with the new”. Results: many changes that occur with the ostomized people, with body weight preferences and eating habits. There are daily situations that require adaptation to be experienced, among them: domestic tasks, sexuality, sports, work and leisure activities. The subjects who use the irrigation method presented autonomy in their daily life and see the ostomy as a new possibility in the face of the disease. Conclusion: to minimize the repercussions that occur in the lifestyle of ostomized people, there is evidence of the need for individualized nutritional and psychological follow-up and of extension in the guidelines of the professional teams that work with them, as well as the dissemination of the irrigation method to people with ostomies who are able to perform such procedure.
Highlights
With the change in the epidemiological and demographic profile, there is a worldwide tendency to increase the occurrence of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (DCNTs)
Those that are performed in the large intestine are called colostomies, those performed in the small intestine are called ileostomy
On the days of group meetings, members were invited to participate in the study, and those who accepted were referred to a private location in order to respond to the interview through a semi-structured script with the main issues: did you notice any changes such as weight gain or loss after the ostomy? Has there been any change in your eating routine after your ostomy? What does it mean for you to live with an ostomy? What is your perception of your quality of life after the ostomy? How is your daily life with an ostomy?
Summary
With the change in the epidemiological and demographic profile, there is a worldwide tendency to increase the occurrence of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases (DCNTs). As an example of this, there is the surgical intervention denominated ostomy, which has origin in the Greek word stoma, whose meaning is mouth or opening, when it is necessary to temporarily or permanently divert the normal transit of food and/or eliminations.[2] This procedure allows to promote the treatment or cure of patients with chronic diseases, such as cancer in the colon and small intestine, intestinal inflammatory diseases, congenital diseases or even abdominal trauma due to accidents, as well as other complications that require such a procedure.[3]. The intestinal elimination ostomies are the most frequent and are given specific names according to the place where the surgery is performed Those that are performed in the large intestine are called colostomies, those performed in the small intestine are called ileostomy. They can occur in all stages of life, from birth, childhood, adolescence, to adulthood, including the elderly.[4]
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