Perception of Gender Equality Among University Students: An Analytical Model

Abstract

Gender equality is a fundamental principle of social justice that asserts that all individuals, regardless of their gender, should have equal rights, opportunities, and access to resources and power. Researching this phenomenon requires a deep understanding of the dimensions and factors that constitute it. The primary objective of this study is to propose a contextualized and comprehensive analytical model for conducting research related to gender equality. To achieve this, a thorough and systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA methodology. From a total of 511 articles located in major databases, 58 were selected. The categorization process led to the identification of 8 dimensions: labor and/or professional, co-responsibility and family reconciliation, education, health and emotions, culture and society, economy, gender-based violence, and freedom and autonomy, along with an open dimension labeled ‘other aspects.’ The final model integrates these dimensions, along with the inherent factors of each, with socio-demographic and ideological variables, resulting in a comprehensive and relevant model for studies on gender equality and subsequent socio-educational interventions based on these findings.