Perception And Uptake Of Hepatitis B Virus Vaccine Among Healthcare Trainees In A Nigerian University

Abstract

Background: With a worldwide prevalence and high endemicity in Nigeria, the burden of HBV infection is of public health concern. Primary prevention through vaccination is the mainstay of control. Healthcare workers and trainees are posed with a risk of exposure. This study was conducted to determine the level of awareness and vaccine uptake among healthcare students in Nnewi, Nigeria. Methodology: A cross-sectional study by convenience sampling method between February-March 2018. The data was obtained using self-administered questionnaires with 261 respondents. Analysis was done using SPSS version 20. χ2 test of independence was determined with p-value set at 5%. Result: 92.7% of respondents were aware of HBV, 47% knew it was common, and 80.8% believed it was vaccine-preventable. 23.4% had a prior vaccination and 4.6% had at least 3 doses. 34.4% of those unvaccinated did not know of vaccination, and 24.4% lacked interest, 20.6% was due to busy schedule, and 19.4% due to cost. Vaccine uptake was significantly associated with study year but not with the study department. Conclusion: There was a good level of awareness of HBV vaccination but without a corresponding level of vaccine uptake due to hindrances such as schedule, cost, and disinterest.Vaccination prevention strategies for HBV should include healthcare trainees by policy to improve vaccination coverage and increase control of infection as they are at potential risk of exposure hazards in the course of their training and subsequent healthcare careers.