Perception and Indicators of Climate Change, Its Impacts, Available Mitigation Strategies in Rice Growing Communities Adjoining Eastern Arc Mountains

Abstract

Ongoing forest disturbances in the areas adjoining the Eastern Arc Mountains in Kilombero District associated with growing population and farm expansion led to increasing land degradation and fluctuations of hydrological supply downstream. This threatens not only biodiversity but also irrigated rice productivity. A structured Interview in conjunction with awareness creation was carried out in seven villages (Chita, Mbingu, Kisegese, Namawala, Mpofu, Njage and Mofu) to determine level of understanding among rice growers on the potential of these mountains for sustainable water flow downstream and the ability of farmers to detect and prepare towards impact of climate change. A total of 240 respondents (124 men and 116 women) were involved. Results revealed that, the whole concept of Eastern Arc Mountains and its potential for water availability in rice productivity as well as level of awareness on climate change, its impact, and preparedness reflected limited understanding. Awareness creation program was carried out involving 258 farmers (134 males and 124 Females). The study recommends a joint Eastern Arc Mountains conservation multi-stakeholder task force for preparation of a joint climate change mitigation and adaptation strategies. Furthermore, the study recommends introduction of agro forestry, promoting cocoa production and introduction of zero grazing among conservation measures.