Perception and Educational Needs in the Self-Management Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Phenomenological Study Based on Local Wisdom

Abstract

Lack of knowledge, misperceptions, and the absence of a diabetes management culture pose challenges to providing social support, particularly within families. This is a qualitative phenomenological study aimed at identifying factors contributing to self-management, unearthing the influence of a patrilineal culture, and uncovering the educational needs for local wisdom-based diabetes mellitus self-management in type 2 patients. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed thematically. The study population consisted of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients living within patrilineal families. The sample size was 10 female individuals aged between 40 and 60 years. The duration of type 2 DM ranged from 6 to 15 years. Four themes emerged from the research: (1) Insufficiency in self-management, (2) Beliefs and perceptions about type 2 diabetes mellitus, (3) The influence of patrilineal families on self-management, and (4) The need for the development of educational programs for self-management type 2 DM management rooted in local culture. According to the results, people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus may not be capable of managing their health. Though there are many different opinions and views regarding Type 2 DM, there are frequently gaps in our knowledge. The management of diabetes is greatly impacted by patrilineal family systems. Participants express a significant need for educational programs that are culturally sensitive and improve their ability to control their diabetes.