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Abstract
Previous research has shown that parental support has beneficial effects on the psychological well-being of adolescents. Going beyond prior research, the present study made distinctions between information, emotional, and financial parental support and examined adolescents from United States (N = 1,002), China (N = 1,172), South Korea (N = 3,993), and Japan (N = 1,112). The frequency and impact of different types of perceived parental support on adolescents’ positive self-belief and distress levels have been investigated. Consistent with the existing literature, the results showed American adolescents perceived greater emotional and informational support than others, while Chinese, Korean, and Japanese adolescents perceived greater tangible support compared to American adolescents. Notably, Chinese adolescents reported higher levels of parental support than other East Asian adolescents. The perceived parental support influenced positive self-beliefs equally across cultural groups, but informational support impacted distress to a greater degree for American adolescents than East Asian adolescents. The implications of the present research are discussed.
Highlights
Adolescence is a stage of life that is marked by increased independence from parents and heightened tension between parents and teens
Relatively few studies have examined this topic in East Asian cultural contexts that are known to foster models of parenting and family relationships that are distinct from those fostered by North American cultural contexts
The model fit was examined with comparative fit index (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), rootmean-square error of approximation (RMSEA), standardized root-mean-square residual (SRMR), following Hu and Bentler’s (1999) suggestions
Summary
Adolescence is a stage of life that is marked by increased independence from parents and heightened tension between parents and teens (see Steinberg and Morris, 2001). Parents play a critical role in scaffolding their adolescents during this period by providing them with opportunities for exercising autonomy and supporting them through trials and tribulations of puberty and early adulthood, ranging from first navigating first romantic relationships to preparing for challenging academic tests This support is important given that some teens experience drops in self-esteem (Robins et al, 2002; see Huang, 2010; Erol and Orth, 2011) and increases in emotional distress (e.g., depression, anxiety, Lewinsohn et al, 1994; Kessler et al, 2001; Masten, 2004; Costello et al, 2011) during this period. Prior to describing the study, we will briefly review extant research on perceived parental support and cultural similarities and differences in social support
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