Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the forms of treason and a comparison of the criminal acts of treason against the Indonesian, Malaysian, Austrian, and Indonesian Criminal Codes and the concept of Islamic law. The research used a normative law with a statutory approach and a comparative approach. The research data were analyzed descriptively. The results of this study found that forms of treason included treason that attacked the legal interests of the head of state, territorial integrity, and government. The crime of treason in Indonesia was distinguished between crimes against security within the country and outside the country, both committed by diplomats and the military. Sanctions for perpetrators of the crime of treason in Malaysia range from the threat of capital punishment, imprisonment, and fines. The crime of treason in Austria did not affect the sentence and did not distinguish between crimes against justice and against the government, all those involved in treason were sentenced to death. The concept of Islamic law provided an extraordinary warning for perpetrators of treason against the government because state security greatly determined the smooth running of worship and the welfare of all citizens.
Highlights
Abstract: this study aimed to analyze the forms of treason and a comparison of the criminal acts of treason against the Indonesian, Malaysian, Austrian, and Indonesian Criminal Codes and the concept of Islamic law
The results of this study found that forms of treason included treason that attacked the legal interests of the head of state, territorial integrity, and government
Akibat yang ditimbulkan makar dalam konsep fiqh Islam, maka bughat merupakan bagian dari hirabah jika dikaitkan dengan Al-Qur’an Surat Al-Ma’idah ayat 33
Summary
Abstract: this study aimed to analyze the forms of treason and a comparison of the criminal acts of treason against the Indonesian, Malaysian, Austrian, and Indonesian Criminal Codes and the concept of Islamic law. Abstrak: kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk makar dan perbandingan tindak pidana makar dalam KUH Pidana Indonesia, Malaysia, Austria dan konsep hukum Islam. Tindak pidana makar di Indonesia dibedakan antara kejahatan terhadap keamanan di dalam negara dan luar negara baik yang dilakukan oleh diplomat dan militer. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, kajian ini akan membahas (1) bentuk makar dalam kepentingan hukum yang dilindungi dan (2) perbandingan tindak pidana makar dalam KUH Pidana Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Austria dan konsep hukum Islam. METODE Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) bertujuan untuk mengkaji tindak pidana makar di Indonesia, Malaysia, Austria dan hukum Islam. Kajian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan perbandingan (comparative approach) sehingga tampak perbedaan pengaturan tindak pidana makar di Indonesia yang menggunakan ideologi Pancasila, Malaysia, Austria, bahkan hukum Islam tentang bughat (Marzuki, 2013). Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, Vol 6, Nomor 1, Juni 2021
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