Abstract
Design flood discharge is one of the important parameters in the management of water resources, especially water resources utilization structures and water damage control structures. This parameter serves to determine the dimensions and capacity of the planned water structures. As an important reference, this design flood discharge must be carefully determined so that the planned building is effective and financially functional and economically efficient. This study aims to determine the design flood discharge using rainfall data which will be recommended as a reference for the design of a micro-hydro power plant building in Kaliwadas River, Pekalongan Regency, Central Java Province. The results of the analysis based on rainfall data are compared with estimates using discharge data to determine deviations resulting from the use of rainfall data. Frequency analysis is applied to both types of rainfall and maximum daily discharge data. Chi-Square and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were performed to test four distribution methods: Normal, Normal Log, Pearson Log III and Gumbel. Transformation of design rainfall into design discharge is done using the Snyder Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Method, by first optimizing the hydrograph parameter. The analysis shows that the design flood discharge using rainfall data is relatively lower than using discharge data with an average deviation of more than 15%. This deviation is expected to occur when the transformation of rainfall into discharge is influenced by various very complex parameters, especially changes in land cover and rainfall distribution that have not been fully accommodated. However, for watersheds with very limited discharge data, the use of rain data can be an option for establishing a design flood discharge.
Highlights
Design flood discharge is one of the important parameters in the management of water resources, especially water resources utilization structures and water damage control structures
This study aims to determine the design flood discharge using rainfall data which will be recommended as a reference for the design of a micro-hydro power plant building in Kaliwadas River, Pekalongan Regency, Central Java Province
The analysis shows that the design flood discharge using rainfall data is relatively lower than using discharge data with an average deviation of more than 15%
Summary
Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Sungai Kaliwadas (Gambar 1), yang terletak di Kecamatan Kandang Serang Kabupaten Pekalongan Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sungai Kaliwadas merupakan salah sub DAS dengan luas daerah pengaliran kurang lebih 165.78 km yang diukur pada Pos hidrometri (AWLR) terdapat pada Bendung Kaliwadas dan Bendung Lambur di sebelah hulu Bendung Kaliwadas. DAS Kaliwadas terletak pada koordinat 116°49'19.2362"E-116°55'52.4184"E dan 41°15'17.9854"S-4°21'18.4372"S. Secara umum tutupan lahan relatif masih terkonservasi terutama pada DAS bagian hulu yang didominasi oleh hutan primer dan sekunder sedangkan pada DAS bagian hilir telah dikembangkan untuk lahan pertanian lahan basah dan lahan kering serta permukiman. Bahan penelitian yang digunakan pada penelitian meliputi peta DEM, data tutupan lahan, data hujan jamjaman dan harian. Peta tutupan lahan bisa diperoleh dari BAPPEDA Kabupaten Pekalongan sedangkan data hujan dan debit bisa didapatkan dari Balai Wilayah Sungai (BWS) Periode 2009-2018. Data lainnya adalah data ukur debit Pos AWLR Bendung Kaliwadas untuk keperluan kalibrasi
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