Perampanel for nonepileptic myoclonus in Angelman syndrome

Abstract

BackgroundAngelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by functional loss of the maternal ubiquitin-protein ligase 3A gene. Nonepileptic myoclonus, also described as tremulous movement, often occurs during puberty and increases in adulthood. The involuntary movement in AS has not been defined patho-physiologically and the drugs used such as levetiracetam and piracetam are not always effective. Recently, the alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA) receptor antagonist, perampanel (PER), was used to alleviate myoclonus in progressive myoclonus epilepsy. Herein, we tested the efficacy of PER for nonepileptic myoclonus. Methods and resultsFour patients with AS, aged from 20 to 40 years at the beginning of treatment, were enrolled in our study. All patients reported disruption to their daily lives from the myoclonus movement. They experienced mild to moderate improvement with the starting dose of 2 mg. The dose was increased to 4 mg in one patient to achieve sufficient efficacy, while two had their dose reduced to 1 mg due to dizziness or possible exacerbation of myoclonus. The last patient continued to take the starting dose. Follow-up over 16–20 months revealed a significant reduction in the severity of nonepileptic myoclonus in all patients. ConclusionOur study suggests that PER could be one of the promising drugs for nonepileptic myoclonus in AS.