Abstract
[CHILLI ANTHRACNOSE DISEASE BY Colletotrichum sp. AT SWAMP LAND OF SOUTH KALIMANTAN PROVINCE]. Anthracnose is one of the major economic constraints for chili production worldwide. This disease is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum sp. The yield loss reaches 50% - 100% in the rainy season. In swamps, the incidence of this disease begins to increase. As the basis for the integrated control of anthracnose, it is necessary to record disease incidence and identify pathogens that attack conditions in swampsThe disease intensity survey was conducted in Hiyung chilli cultivation of Hiyung village lowland and the tidal swamplands of Marabahan district. The method is using Purposive Random Sampling approach. The Koch’s Postulates is used to determined the cause of the disease. Identification of pathogens that cause anthracnose is carried out in laboratories and greenhouses. Determination of obtained pathogen’s type is using literature references. The results of this study indicate that Hiyung chilli in the Hiyung village lowland shows a fairly high incidence of disease – i.e 43.78%, moreover, the result of Marabahan district tidal swamplands is 29.29%. Three Colletotrichum species were found, namely Colletotricum truncatum, C. gleosporiedes and C. acutatum.
Highlights
Penyakit antraknosa adalah salah satu kendala ekonomi utama untuk produksi cabai di seluruh dunia
Occurrence and management of anthracnose epidemics caused by Colletotrichum species on tree fruit crops in California
Identification of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Chili Anthracnose in Indonesia by Morphological Characteristics and Species-Specific Primers
Summary
Penyakit antraknosa adalah salah satu kendala ekonomi utama untuk produksi cabai di seluruh dunia Penyakit busuk buah ini disebabkan oleh jamur Colletotrichum sp. Pada lahan rawa pasang surut, genangan tersebut terjadi sebagai akibat pengaruh aliran pasang surut air laut. Pada lahan rawa lebak genangan terjadi akibat curah hujan atau air kiriman dari daerah hulu sungai. Menurut Singh & Pandey (2014) pengairan dengan irigasi tetes mengurangi kejadian penyakit antraknosa pada cabai empat kali lipat dibanding digenangi air .Dengan demikian adanya aliran air pada permukaan lahan pada saat air pasang dan surut, adanya hujan dan kiriman air pada lahan lebak berpotensi untuk penyebaran dan perkembangan penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai. Petani lahan rawa lebak di Desa Hiyung hanya menanam cabai rawit Hiyung sepanjang musim, Cabai ditanam di atas tukungan dengan sistem surjan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan sebaran penyakit antraknosa pada pertanaman cabai di lahan rawa lebak dan rawa pasang surut, serta mengidentifikasi patogen penyebab penyakit antraknosa di daerah tersebut
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