Pentraxin-3: Possibilities and perspectives for using the biomarker in patients with previous COVID-19

Abstract

Objective: to determine the potential prognostic value of serum biomarkers in relation to the development of adverse cardiovascular events in patients who have undergone COVID-19. Material and methods. The prospective study involved 114 patients hospitalized with confirmed COVID-19. In addition to standard examinations, blood samples were taken from patients on the day of hospitalization to determine the level of serum cardiovascular biomarkers, including pentaxin-3 (РТХЗ). The patients were monitored for 366 [365; 380] days after discharge from the COVID hospital with registration of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) developed in patients. Results. During follow-up, MACE was noted in 19 patients (16.7%), including 2 deaths (1.8%) from cardiovascular causes. The incidence of MACE was higher in patients with higher concentrations of РТХЗ (odds ratio — OR 1.28, 95% confidence interval — Cl 1.13-1.45; p<0,001), interleukin 6 (OR 1.01, 95% Cl 1.0-1.02; p=0.048), D-dimer (OR 2.05, 95% Cl 1.16-3.6; p=0.019), lactate dehydrogenase (OR 1.08, 95% Cl 1.03-1.13; p<0.001), creatine phosphokinase-MB (OR 1.19, 95% Cl 1.02-1.39; p=0.001). The concentration of PTX3>3.1 ng/ml predicted the development of MACE with a sensitivity of 94.0% and a specificity of 82.1% (AUC 0.885; p<0.001). Conclusion. Serum biomarkers, in particular РТХЗ, may be used to predict the development of MACE in the long-term follow-up of patients who have undergone COVID-19.