Pentacyclic triterpenoid-rich fraction of the Hardy kiwi (Actinidia arguta) improves brain dysfunction in high fat diet-induced obese mice

Jeong Su Ha,Chul-Woo Kim,Jeong Eun Kang,Jong Min Kim,Uk Lee,Ho Jin Heo,Sung-Il Oh,Seon Kyeong Park,Jin Yong Kang,Dae-Ok Kim

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-62810-5

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate the effect of the chloroform fraction from Actinidia arguta (CFAA) on cognitive dysfunction in a C57BL/6 mouse model fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. The CFAA has the protective effect on high glucose-induced neurotoxicity in MC-IXC cell (neuroblastoma cell line). In a C57BL/6 mouse model fed a HFD for 12 weeks, the improved glucose tolerance and cognitive dysfunction were observed in a group ingesting CFAA. In the brain tissue analysis, the impaired cholinergic, antioxidant system and mitochondria functions were improved in the CFAA group. In addition, in a molecular biology study, it was observed that CFAA improves HFD-induced abnormal insulin signaling such as increase of IRS phosphorylation at serine residues and reduction of Akt phosphorylation caused by the increase of JNK phosphorylation and then inhibited apoptosis. In the UPLC Q-TOF/MS analysis, pentacyclic triterpenoids such as asiatic acid (AA), madecassic acid (MA) were identified in CFAA as main compounds. Therefore, these results propose that Actinidia arguta rich in pentacyclic triterpenoids may be effective as preventive matter a therapeutic strategy to improve neurodegenerative disease caused by HFD.

Highlights

This study was performed to investigate the effect of the chloroform fraction from Actinidia arguta (CFAA) on cognitive dysfunction in a C57BL/6 mouse model fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks
The high glucose (HG)-treated group showed a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production (123.84%) compared to the NC group (100.00%)
It had been reported that obesity induces oxidative stress and contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, and is involved in the pathogenesis of AD3

Summary

Introduction

This study was performed to investigate the effect of the chloroform fraction from Actinidia arguta (CFAA) on cognitive dysfunction in a C57BL/6 mouse model fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. In the UPLC Q-TOF/MS analysis, pentacyclic triterpenoids such as asiatic acid (AA), madecassic acid (MA) were identified in CFAA as main compounds These results propose that Actinidia arguta rich in pentacyclic triterpenoids may be effective as preventive matter a therapeutic strategy to improve neurodegenerative disease caused by HFD. Various natural α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors from plant sources have been reported, and it was reported that the inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase can significantly reduce the postprandial increase in blood glucose and can be an important strategy in the management of blood glucose level in type 2 diabetes and borderline patients[9] With these various results, we hypothesised that CFAA may be effective in improving cognitive decline in HFD-induced insulin-resistant mice, and CFAA has interesting physiological active compounds of A. arguta.

Methods

Results

Conclusion