Pennisetum hydridum: a Potential Energy Crop with Multiple Functions and the Current Status in China

Abstract

Pennisetum hydridum has several beneficial characteristics, including the ability to grow quickly, a highly developed root system, the ability to produce high yields, strong resistance to environmental stressors, and the ability to adapt to different growth environments. Recent studies have shown that Pennisetum hydridum has the potential to play an important role in the sectors of bioenergy, environmental remediation, and livestock fodder. The objective of this paper is to review the current research on Pennisetum hydridum in China and discuss its potential for phytoremediation, biofuel development, and feed utilization. Pennisetum hydridum is resistant to a variety of stressors and can adapt to different growth environments. It can be used for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated land, restoration of saline-alkali land, and nutrient removal of constructed wetlands, as well as soil and water conservation. Pennisetum hydridum exhibits a higher biomass yield, caloric value, and cellulose content than other bioenergy crops, suggesting it has superior potential as a second-generation biofuel resource. As a type of forage grass, Pennisetum hydridum also has an appealing taste and high feeding value, in addition to its high nutrition value. A comprehensive utilization framework for Pennisetum hydridum has been proposed in order to promote high-efficiency utilization of this multipurpose crop and fully realize its maximum potential. Research on Pennisetum hydridum as a bioenergy resource, however, is still in its infancy. Additional work is needed to better understand its breeding and genetic transformation processes, its energy conversion mechanism, and the biological pathways that support its growth and adaptability, so that this valuable resource may be utilized in the most productive way possible.