Abstract
Two new Penicillium species isolated from plant leaves are reported here, namely, P. fusisporum (type strain AS3.15338T = NRRL 62805T = CBS 137463T) and P. zhuangii (type strain AS3.15341T = NRRL 62806T = CBS 137464T). P. fusisporum is characterized by fast growth rate, apical-swelling monoverticillate penicilli, verrucose stipes, fusiform to oblong conidia about 3.5–4×2–2.5 µm and cinnamon-colored sclerotia. While P. zhuangii presents a moderate growth rate, it also bears apical-swelling monoverticillate penicilli but its stipes are smooth-walled, and produces ovoid to globose smooth-walled conidia about 3–3.5 µm. Both species belong to section Aspergilloides, and P. fusisporum is related to “P. thomii var. flavescens”, while P. zhuangii is morphologically similar to P. lividum. Phylogenetic analyses of sequences of calmodulin and beta-tubulin genes both show that the two new taxa form distinct monophyletic clades.
Highlights
Species of Penicillium Link with vesiculate or apical-swelling monoverticillate conidiophores and moderate to fast growth rate were accommodated in the P. thomii series, P. frequentans series and P. lividum series respectively by Raper and Thom [1]
In an investigation of phylloplane molds in China, we found many isolates superficially similar to P. glabrum, P. lividum and P. thomii, and report here on two new species, P. fusisporum sp. nov. and P. zhuangii sp. nov. belonging to section Aspergilloides
The phylograms resulting from calmodulin gene (CaM) and BenA matrices showed that P. fusisporum was closely related to ‘‘P. thomii var. flavescens’’ with 91% and 99% bootstrap support, respectively
Summary
Species of Penicillium Link with vesiculate or apical-swelling monoverticillate conidiophores and moderate to fast growth rate were accommodated in the P. thomii series, P. frequentans series and P. lividum series respectively by Raper and Thom [1]. Pitt [2] included 10 species sharing these characters in series Glabra Pitt of Subgen. Aspergilloides Pitt and regarded P. glabrum as the earlier valid name for the species commonly known as P. frequentans Westling. He broadened the concept of P. thomii to encompass 6 synoyms, which was followed by Pitt et al [3]. Based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and LSU ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequences, Peterson [4] included 7 members of this series in his Goup 2. Barreto et al [5] indicated the heterogeneity of the prevailing species concept of P. glabrum and added a new member, P. subericola to series Glabra. Houbraken and Samson [6] established section Aspergilloides Houbraken and Samson based on 4 gene loci to encompass 19 species showing those characters, while other species in Pitt’s subgenus Aspergilloides were put in sections Charlesii and Sclerotiora
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