Abstract
Penicilliosis previously a rare disease has now emerged as one of the most common systemic opportunistic infections among AIDS patients in southeast Asia. Physicians should be wary in the presence of characteristic cutaneous lesions with systemic involvement in AIDS patients who lived in or visited areas in which this fungus is endemic regardless of the time since exposure. Direct smear and touch smear of the cutaneous lesions or lymph node specimens with Wrights stain are quick and convenient diagnostic procedures. Management with systemic antifungals must be promptly initiated according to clinical severity without awaiting confirmation by characteristic culture morphology identification. Present epidemiological data suggest that disseminated penicilliosis should be included as an AIDS-defining condition along with the other opportunistic systemic mycoses such as histoplasmosis coccidioidomycosis and cryptococcosis. (excerpt)
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