Abstract
The nonhemolytic streptococci in the throats of children receiving prophylactic oral penicillin tend to be more resistant than those isolated from children who are not receiving penicillin. Children who are not receiving penicillin carry some strains which are as resistant as those carried by the children on penicillin prophylaxis. The higher resistance of the nonhemolytic streptococci isolated from children on penicillin prophylaxis appears, in most instances, to be due to the selection of resistant and the elimination of more sensitive strains. Although the penicillin-resistance of nonhemolytic streptococci isolated from the throats of children receiving prophylactic penicillin is increased, the resistance is not as great as that reported for some strains of nonhemolytic streptococci isolated from patients whose subacute bacterial endocarditis was successfully treated.
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