Abstract
One of initial step of primary cocoa processing, which determine the final quality and processing costwas pulping and pod breaker. Pod breaker is used to take out the cocoa bean and separate it from fruitcrust and placenta. Presently, cocoa pod breaking and bean separating from crust fruit are still conductedmanually and need many workers, as well. Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute has designedand tested the cocoa pod breaker with double cylinder pod breaking mechanism and vibration table graderwith bean separating mechanism. Testing result showed that cocoa pod breaker had maximum workcapacity of 9000 cocoa pod per hour at motor rotation of 2,000-2,200 rpm. Highest percentage of crust chipincluded in bean was 1.1%, which was obtained at treatment input feeding opening of 80% and percentageof broken bean of 2.1%. While the lowest percentage of crust bean was 0.16% that is obtained at 20%input feeding opening with 1.7% of broken bean. Optimum work capacity of 4,950 cocoa pod per hour wasobtained at 50% input feeding opening with 0.22% crust chip included in bean, and 1.9% of broken beanpercentage.Keywords: cocoa, podbreaker, labor saving, production efficiencyDiterima: 3 Maret 2009; Disetujui: 16 Juli 2009
Highlights
Rapid development of smallholder cocoa plant area need to be supported with infrastructure prepared and suitable processing methods for farmers in order to be able to produce the standardized cocoa bean as required by National Standard of Indonesia (SNI)
Crust pod is the bigest component on cocoa fruit in which there is more than 70% weight of ripe cocoa fruit
Cocoa pod breaking and bean separating machines were designed for 4-5 ton of cocoa fruit per hour or equivalent with 7,000-10,000 fruit per hour, and it was expected to be an integrated with a cocoa processing unit that has been designed in previous research
Summary
Penerbit: Perhimpunan Teknik Pertanian Indonesia (PERTETA) bekerjasama dengan Departemen Teknik Pertanian, IPB Bogor. Redaksi Jurnal Keteknikan Pertanian mengucapkan terima kasih kepada para Mitra Bestari yang telah menelaah (mereview) naskah pada penerbitan Vol 23 No 2 Oktober 2009. Ucapan terima kasih disampaikan kepada Prof.Dr.Ir. Hadi K. Purwadaria, M.Sc (Departemen Teknik Pertanian - IPB), Prof.Dr.Ir. Tineke Mandang, MS (Departemen Teknik Pertanian - IPB), Prof.Dr.Ir. Daniel Saputra, MS Teknik Pertanian - Universitas Sriwijaya), Prof.Dr.Ir. R.A. Bustomi Rosadi, MS (Departemen Teknik Pertanian Universitas Lampung), Dr.Ir. M. Aris Purwanto, M.Sc (Departemen Teknik Pertanian - IPB), Dr.Ir. Satyanto Krido Saptomo, M.Si STP (Departemen Teknik Pertanian - IPB), Technical Paper. Mechanical Cocoa Podbreaker Utilization in Cocoa Handling to Improve Labor Efficiency
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