Abstract
The use of atrium in hospital buildings accelerating the patient's healing process and reduce the impression of stress on hospital buildings. However, the presence of the atrium can also pose a fire hazard because it can be a means of spreading smoke quickly. This study determines the effect of atriums in hospital buildings on the level of life safety in the event of a fire. The study was conducted at two hospitals in Bandung and Jakarta, Indonesia. The level of life safety is assessed through the difference between the time needed for the evacuation, referred to as RSET, and the time taken by smoke to cause a critical condition for occupants, called ASET, where RSET must be shorter than ASET. The analysis carried out on two physical configurations: open and closed atrium, and the results of this study showed that with an open atrium, the smoke quickly covered the evacuation route before the evacuation process completed, or ASET<RSET. The fire room door must be closed, and the smoke-barrier must be installed around the atrium to prevent the spread of smoke into patient rooms, thus fulfill the ASET<RSET criteria.
Highlights
The use of atrium in hospital buildings accelerating the patient's healing process and reduce the impression of stress on hospital buildings
Simulating Movement Devices Used in Hospital Evacuation
Principles of Fire Risk Assessment in Buildings
Summary
Jalur evakuasi ditunjukkan oleh koridor yang berwarna abu-abu (di dalam bangunan rawat inap) dan berwarna hijau (di dalam bangunan administrasi). 2.2 Variabel Dalam penelitian ini Waktu Pra-evakuasi diukur berdasarkan waktu yang dibutuhkan oleh staf untuk mendeteksi kebakaran, memadamkan api dan menyiapkan pasien sebelum berpindah ke tempat yang aman. Sementara Waktu Evakuasi diukur berdasarkan lamanya waktu tempuh staf membawa pasien dari ruang rawat inap menuju eksit terdekat di lantai yang sama. Lama ASET dihitung sejak terjadinya penyalaan (ignition) sampai timbulnya untenable condition akibat keracunan atau terpapar asap panas. Variabel yang berpengaruh dan variabel kontrol terhadap lama RSET dan ASET dirumuskan dari beberapa hasil riset yang relevan (Tabel 1)
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