Abstract
Citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus) is an essential oil which useful as an antibacterial that is usually provided in the form of macroemulsion for topical use. absorption of macroemulsion through the skin relatively low, thermodynamically is not stable and can produce a separate phase in the storage period. The one of development emulsion system to get better characteristics is to form a microemulsion. Microemulsion is an oil and water dispersion stable thermodynamically stabilized by surfactants and in some cases a cosurfactant. The objective of this study was to formulatecitronella oil in the form of a stable microemulsion using nonionic surfactant. Optimization of the type and amount of emulsifier (surfactant) was required to formulate a stable microemulsion. In this study, microemulsion was evaluated during a month. Type and concentration of surfactant, cosurfactant, Citronella oil (Cymbopogon nardus) and water was optimized. A stable citronella oil microemulsion was successfully created with composition of 15% PEG 400 as cosurfactant, 15% tween 80 as surfactant, 2-4% Citronella oil as oil phase and 10% glycerin as humectant and distilled water as aqueous phase. From the observation, microemulsion formula has clear appearance but physically unstable during a month storage
Highlights
Minyak atsiri biasanya tersedia dalam dan penggunaan farmasi yang menarik minat bentuk makroemulsi dan digunakan dengan masyarakat karena meningkatnya kekhawatiran mengencerkannya dengan berbagai jenis minyak tentang potensi efek samping zat aditif sintetik
useful as an antibacterial that is usually provided in the form of macroemulsion
an oil and water dispersion stable thermodynamically stabilized by surfactants
Summary
Staphylococcus aureus dengan konsentrasi 12,5% dan Tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri dapat. Staphylococcus epidermidis dengan konsentrasi 6,25 digunakan sebagai bahan antioksidan yang potensial,. Minyak sereh adalah minyak atsiri yang relatif rendah dan tidak stabil secara termodinamika diperoleh dengan penyulingan uap daun Cymbopogon serta dapat menghasilkan fase terpisah pada masa nardus Rendle (Cymbopogon winterianus Jewitt) atau penyimpanan. Bila atsiri dari 15 varietas tanaman serai terhadap 10 dibandingkan dengan emulsi, banyak karakteristik mikroorganisme patogen yang berbeda dan dari mikroemulsi yang membuat sediaan ini menarik didapatkan hasil bahwa seluruh varietas tanaman untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu sistem serai tersebut memiliki tingkat sensitivitas yang penghantaran obat (drug delivery system). Jenis dan konsentrasi emulgator (surfaktan) harus dioptimasi untuk mendapatkan formula mikroemulsi yang stabilitasnya optimum. 2. Optimasi Jenis dan Konsentrasi Surfaktan dan Kosurfaktan Emulgator yang digunakan adalah polisorbat. Minyak sereh digunakan dalam sediaan obat maupun kosmetik adalah 2 hingga 10%
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