Pengaruh Suhu Inkubasi Terhadap Profil Ekspresi Gen Determinasi Seks Tukik Lepidochelys olivacea

Abstract

Sex determination in turtles is not only based on genotype, but also depends on the incubation temperature. In addition, sex differentiation takes place during the thermosensitive period (TSP). This review article aims to examine the effect of incubation temperature on the expression profile of the sex determination gene for tortoises. Fertile eggs are incubated at two temperatures, namely the feminine temperature (30-33 ° C), and the masculine temperature (26-27 ° C). The results of bioreproduction and phenotype measurements of hatchlings, namely, embryo growth, incubation time, morphometrics, and locomotor performance of hatchlings were analyzed by regression analysis and Student's t test. The results of analysis from several literatures showed that the expression of aromatase and Rspond 1 genes (which play a role in ovarian differentiation) after TSP from incubated embryos at a higher feminine temperature and different from the masculine temperature. Regarding bioreproduction, the incubation period at the feminine temperature is shorter than the masculine temperature. Likewise embryos grow more rapidly at feminine temperatures. Incubation at feminine temperature had a significant effect on the phenotype of hatchlings, namely carapace width, plastron length and width, long flipper and hind arms, long neck, and flipper swing frequency.