Abstract
Diabetes mellitus Type 2 (DM Type 2) is the risk factor for the incidence of vascular. Diabetic neuropathy and/or peripheral arterial disease, are common and represent major causes of morbidity and mortality in people with diabetes. Physical exercises is have been done to prevent from diabetes complication, and one of them is by foot massage and lower extremity joint movement. Measuring the value of ankle brachial index (ABI) is one of non-invasive actions to evaluate the risk for peripheral vascular in primary treatment. The objective of this research was to determine the influence of foot massage and joint movement exercise on ABI value in DM Type 2 patients. The research used quasi experiment method with pretest-posttest group design and two intervention groups. The samples were 40 DM Type 2 patients, taken by using consecutive sampling technique. Intervention was given by conducting foot massage and lower extremity joint movement exercise. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks statistic test showed that there was the difference in pre and post intervention of foot massage and lower extremity joint movement from ABI value, for (p=0.00). The conclusion was that foot massage and lower extremity joint movement exercise could increase ABI value if it was done continuously. It could also increase blood flow to artery. This research could bean input for nursing care to make physical exercises such as foot massage and lower extremity joint movement as prevention from risk of longterm Complications in DM Type 2 patients.
Highlights
Diabetes mellitus Type 2 (DM Type 2) is the risk factor for the incidence of vascular
Physical exercises is have been done to prevent from diabetes complication
of them is by foot massage
Summary
Diabetes merupakan suatu gangguan metabolisme kronis dengan multi etiologi yang ditandai dengan tingginya kadar gula darah disertai dengan gangguan metabolisme karbohidrat, lipid dan protein sebagai akibat dari insufisiensi fungsi insulin. Penyakit arteri perifer(PAD) adalah penyebab morbiditas dan mortalitas yang paling umum terjadi pada penderita diabetes [5].Pengukuran nilai ankle brachial index (ABI) merupakan salah satu tindakan non invasif untuk mendeteksi penyakit arteri perifer (PAD), nilai ABI yang rendah diprediksi sebagai variabel prediktif pada penyakit kardiovaskular (CVD), Sedangkan nilai ABI yang tinggi berkaitan dengan kalsifikasi arteri medial [6]. Penelitian tentang pengaruh latihan fisik terhadap ABI menunjukkan adanya peningkatan nilai ABI secara signifikan pada kelompok intervensi, peningkatan nilai ABI ini berhubungan dengan penurunan HbA1c dan tekanan darah sistol dan diastol sehingga tersebut memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam pencegahan terjadinya penyakit arteri perifer khususnya pasien DM Tipe 2 [7]. Penelitian lain juga menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh pijat kaki yang signifikan terhadap proses sensorik dan neuropatik,.Semakin baik nilai ABI maka semakin rendah tingkat perifer neuropati diabetik yang dialami oleh pasien DM [8]
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