Abstract

This study aimed to identify the effect of environment, social, and governance, and financial distress on tax aggressiveness in Indonesia, with ceo's gender as a moderating variable. Agency theory, legitimacy theory, and upper echelon theory are used as the main frameworks. Data was collected from the annual reports of 31 consumer non-cyclicals sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2012-2021. Panel data regression with a random effect model approach is used to test and analyze hypotheses. The results show that ESG has a negative and significant effect on tax aggressiveness. Financial distress has a positive and significant effect on tax aggressiveness. CEO gender as a pure moderator strengthens the relationship between ESG and tax aggressiveness. However, CEO gender does not moderate the relationship between financial distress and tax aggressiveness.

Full Text
Published version (Free)

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call