Abstract
Malaria infection is still one of world health’s problems that cause a high death rate (20.9% - 50%). One of the reason is Plasmodium falciparum resist to conventional anti-malarial drugs. Neem seeds extract had been reported has antimalarial effect by decreasing parasitemia, but there has not been any report on its effect in inhibition hemazoin formation. The aimof this research was to find the effect of Neem seeds extract on parasitemia and hemazoin level in Plasmodium falciparum culture. Laboratory experiment was done by using Papua isolate of Plasmodium falciparum (2300) from NAMRU 2 Jakarta. After synchronized, malarial culture was divided into 4 groups namely Control group (culture medium only), Chloroquine group, Artemisinin group, and Neem seeds extracts group. Each treatment group was devided into 5 drug doses of 6.25 µ/ml, 12.5 µ/ml, 25 µ/ml, 50 µ/ml and 100 µ/ml respectively. Parasitemia was measured by Pyridine-hemochrome methods using spectrophotometer  λ560 nm. Statistical analysis was done involving one-way-ANOVA followed by Tukey HSD and Pearson’s Correlation. A significant difference was found between control and treatment groups in parasitemia and hemozoin level. Different dose in treatment groups didn’t show any significant difference in both parasitemia (p=0.99) and hemozoin level (p=0.985). Tukey test between treatment groups didn’t show a significant difference decrease of hemazoin level and parasitemia (r=0.970). The conclusion was Neem deeds extract can inhibit P. falciparum growth by decreasing parasitemia and hemazoin level. Key words: Neem seeds extract, parasitemia, hemazoin level, P. falciparum
Highlights
Malaria infection is still one of world health’s problems that cause a high death rate (20.9% - 50%)
there has not been any report on its effect in inhibition hemazoin formation
The aim of this research was to find the effect of Neem seeds extract on parasitemia
Summary
Digunakan kultur pada stadium cincin dengan konsentrasi parasitemia ≥ 5 %. Ditambahkan Artemisinin, Chloroquine dan ekstrak biji Nimba dengan konsentrasi masingmasing 6,25 μg/ ml, 12,5 μg/ml, 25 μg/ml, 50 μg/ml, dan 100μg/ml, dicampur dengan cara inversi kemudian kultur dibagi kedalam wells. Kultur dipindahkan dari well 24 pada tabung centrifuge dan disentrifugasi. Disisakan sedikit dari volume kultur untuk pewarnaan Giemsa 5% dan dihitung parasitemianya. Pellet disuspensi kembali dengan 1 ml air distilasi dan dipindahkan ke tabung microcentrifuge sebanyak 1,5 ml. Disentrifugasi lagi dengan kecepatan 13.000 rpm selama 15 menit dalam microcentrifuge, pada suhu 4° C. Diambil 520μl dari larutan hemin standard dan dicampur dengan pellet hemozoin. Tube yang berisi kultur + pellet hemozoin ditambah 520μl air distilasi + 62μl NaOH dan 123μl pyridine (untuk 4 ml sample). Tambahkan volume yang sama untuk larutan hemin standar. Ditambahkan sedikit Sodium Hydrosulfite pada tube yang lain untuk reduksi haem.
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