Abstract
This article is to examine national courts as a forum first and final settlement of the case enforcement as a gross violation of human rights and that mechanism. Research that is theoretical research, encourage a fuller understanding of the conceptual basis of the principles of law and the process of finding the rule of law, legal principles and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues at hand. Based on Presidential Decree No. 53 of 2001 and Act No. 26 of 2004 established an ad hoc human rights court in East Timor, to prosecute accused perpetrators responsible for gross human rights abuses in East Timor after the popular consultation in 1999 and the results are very far from expectations. The cause of the failure of the judicial process can be grouped in the legal and non-legal factors. Legal factors are many weaknesses Act No. 26 of 2004. In addition, law enforcement officers are not credible, so that the resulting decisions do not fulfil international standards as an impartial tribunal and sense of fairness to all parties. While the non-legal factors associated with the political aspects, such as perceived political will is lacking. National mechanisms should be the first and last attempt to resolve as a gross violation of human rights, so there will be no interference from the international court because of the inability and unwillingness of Indonesia. Key words : gross human rights violations, law enforcement, national mechanism
Highlights
This article is to examine national courts as a forum first and final settlement of the case enforcement as a gross violation of human rights and that mechanism
legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues at hand
While the non-legal factors associated with the political aspects
Summary
Artikel ini merupakan artikel hasil penelitian Hibah Penelitian Mahasiswa Program Doktor Program Pascasarjana UNAIR 2011, sumber dana dari DIKTI dengan No Kontrak Pelaksanaan Penelitian No 76/H3.8/KEU/2011 tanggal 30 Juni 2011. Oleh karena menjadi tanggung jawab semua umat manusia (obligatio erga omnes) untuk menyelesaikannya secara hukum, menghukum pelakunya secara adil.[3] Terhadap pelaku kejahatan internasional akan diminta pertanggungjawaban individu secara pidana dan yurisdiksi yang berlaku dalam hal ini adalah yurisdiksi universal. Sementara hal yang sama juga dilakukan oleh KPP-HAM agar DPR dan Pemerintah segera membentuk pengadilan untuk mengadili pelanggaran berat hak asasi manusia dengan mengacu pada hukum nasional dan hukum internasional, khususnya hukum hak asasi manusia dan hukum humaniter.[10] Pada tanggal 23 November 2000, DPR mensahkan berlakunya Undang-undang Nomor 26 tahun 2000 tentang Pengadilan HAM yang menggantikan Perppu Nomor 1 tahun 1999. “Beberapa Catatan tentang Pengadilan Pidana Internasional Ad Hoc untuk Yugoslavia dan Rwanda serta Penerapan Prinsip Tanggung Jawab Negara dalam Pelanggaran Berat HAM”, Jurnal Hukum Humaniter, Vol.[1], No., April 2006, Pusat Studi Hukum Humaniter dan HAM (terAS), FH Universitas Trisakti, Jakarta, hlm. Perbandingan Hasil Penyelidikan KPP-HAM dengan Kejaksaan Agung pada Kasus Pelanggaran Berat HAM di Timor Timur
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