PENETRATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND REPRODUCTION OF Meloidogyne enterolobii ON Psidium SPECIES AND INDUCED CELLULAR RESPONSES IN THE ROOTS

Alain Denis De Sousa,Juliana Martins Ribeiro,Cláudia Ulisses De Carvalho Silva,Elvira Maria Régis Pedrosa,José Mauro Da Cunha E Castro

doi:10.1590/0100-29452017453

Alain Denis De Sousa, Juliana Martins Ribeiro + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452017453

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Abstract

ABSTRACT Meloidogyne enterolobii has severely compromised the main guava producing regions in Brazil, thereby stimulating the development of resistant varieties for efficient management of this nematode. This study aimed to assess the penetration, development, reproduction, and induced cellular responses of M. enterolobii in roots of four species of the genus Psidium (P. guajava‘Paluma’, P. guineense, P. cattleyanum, and P. friedrichstalianum) from the Active Germplasm Bank (BAG) of the Center for Agricultural Research of the Semi-arid Tropics (Embrapa Semi-arid) located in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. Three experiments were carried out to assess the penetration, development, and reproduction of the nematode and, subsequently, histological analyses were performed. Nematode penetrated indistinctly in both resistant and susceptible species, but only in ‘Paluma’ an evolution was observed from vermiform juveniles to “sausage” and globose forms in experiment 1. In experiment 2, all species presented “sausage” forms of nematode, but only in ‘Paluma’, these forms reached adult female stages. In experiment 3, only ‘Paluma’ was susceptible to M. enterolobii, with reproduction factor above unity. Histological analyses showed that, except for P. guajava, the other Psidium species presented poorly developed feeding sites at 20 days after inoculation.

Highlights

The genus Psidium belongs to the family Myrtaceae, which comprises about 140 genera and 3,000 species (GOMES et al, 2009), most of which cultivated in regions of tropical and subtropical climate for commercial purposes
About 150 species are included in this genus, especially Psidium guajava L., P. cattleyanum Sabine, and P. guineense Swartz (PEREIRA and NACHTIGAL, 2003)
Vermiform juveniles were observed in roots of P. guineense at 5 days after inoculation (DAI) (Figures 1 and 2)

Summary

Introduction

The genus Psidium belongs to the family Myrtaceae, which comprises about 140 genera and 3,000 species (GOMES et al, 2009), most of which cultivated in regions of tropical and subtropical climate for commercial purposes. Guava (P. guajava) is the most economically important species, several other Psidium species produce edible fruits and timber or are ornamental, presenting the potential for commercial exploitation (BEZERRA et al, 2006). Among these species, stand out P. cattleyanum and P. guineense, due to the fruit characteristics with exotic flavor, high vitamin C content, and a good consumer acceptance (MANICA et al, 2000). Brazil is one of the world’s largest producers of guava and its cultivation is distributed throughout the country (ROZANE et al, 2009) The introduction of this crop in irrigated areas of Pernambuco and Bahia states in 1985 diversified the semi-arid region potential to meet both national consumption and exportation, allowing the production of highquality fruits over the year (FLORI and CASTRO, 2009). In 2011, a total of 342,528 tons of fruits were harvested in Brazil, being 112,779 and 107,755 tons respectively produced by São Paulo and Pernambuco, the largest Brazilian state producers (AGRIANUAL, 2014)

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