Penetrating injuries of the head and neck region - a potentially life threatening situation

Abstract

Penetrating Injuries of the Head and Neck Region - A Potentially Life Threatening Situation Background: Cuts, stabs and gunshot wounds in the head and neck region are potentially life-threatening because of the high risk of vascular lesions. A consistent emergency management is usually based on an operative exploration of the wound with effective reconstruction of viable structures. Various penetrating injuries of the head and neck region are described in 11 cases with respect of age, gender, course of events of injury, type of injury, involved structures, diagnostic and operative procedures and outcome and compared with current literature and guidelines. In 10 of 11 patients, in the context of an interdisciplinary emergency room management, CT angiography was performed following clinical examination. A surgical exploration and wound treatment was performed in 9 of these patients. The common carotid artery, the external carotid artery and large venous blood vessels of the neck were injured in 2 cases respectively. None of the patients deceased or suffered permanent damage. The outcome of deep head and neck lesions with relevant vascular trauma is determined by a rapid and interdisciplinary approach. A rapid, systematic and interdisciplinary approach in specialized trauma centers has a significant role in ensuring that patients with penetrating wounds in the head and neck -region rarely die due to their serious injury or their consequences.