Abstract
Abstrak Traditionally, the first day of each month is the day (beginning at sunset) of the first sighting of the hilal (crescent moon) shortly after sunset. Beside that, the astronomical new moon times and dates are already computed exactly for thousands of years backward and forward. Some nations have used the lunar phase cycle as the basis for their calendars. In a majority of Nadlatul Ulama (NU), oppose the use of calculations, on the grounds that the latter would not conform with Muhammad's recommendation to observe the new moon of Ramadan and Shawwal in order to determine the beginning of these months. This Indonesia’s largest Muslim organization, prefers to utilize the method called imkanur rukyat , which requires a clear, visible sighting of the moon. In the other side, Muhammadiyah organization sets the first Ramdhan based on mathematical and astronomical calculations known as hisab wujudul hilal . This article focuses to discuss further about how Muhammadiyah sets the first day of Hijrah calendar.
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