Abstract
This article aims to analyze the theories about the purposes of criminal punishment, identifying the philosophical construction of absolutist theories, especially Kant and Hegel, as well as the relativistic theories of general prevention and special prevention, negative and positive. In time, the intention will be to verify the complexity of the criminal phenomenon and to investigate the various stages that the sentence is presented in the legal scope, questioning the possibility of integration between the different theories in order to unify them in search of a better response to the practical reality that presents itself, respecting the autonomy of the offender as a manifestation of its human dignity, as well as directing the application of the sanction to the valorization of the equality and constitution of a society less disaggregating.
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