Abstract
As the one of coastal resource, mangrove has socio-economic, and physical functions. Mangrove distribution and density can be identified by using remote sensing technology. Satellite images of Landsat are the most widely used for mangrove mapping. This research was conducted to determine of the mangrove distribution and density in eastern coastal of Biak Island, Papua using Landsat 8 OLI satellite imaginary, acquisition date at June 30, 2015. This research was conducted from June to August 2017, covering field data acquisition and satellite image processing. The step of mangrove identification was done by using a composite 564 RGB band, then the separation of mangrove, non-mangrove and waters objects using supervised classification method. The next step is to analyze the density of mangroves by using the formula of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) . The result of research showed that mangrove area in eastern coastal of Biak Island was about 144.81 hectares, where the rare density 89.64 hectares, medium density 26.19 hectares and dense density 28.98 hectares. The low area of mangrove were generally caused by anthropogenic factors such as logging, changes over the function of mangroves and effect of tsunami 1996.
Highlights
As the one of coastal resource, mangrove has socio-economic, and physical functions
Satellite images of Landsat are the most widely used for mangrove mapping
This research was conducted to determine of the mangrove distribution and density in eastern coastal of Biak Island, Papua using Landsat 8 OLI satellite imaginary, acquisition date at June 30, 2015
Summary
Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di wilayah pesisir timur Pulau Biak, yang mencakup wilayah Distrik Biak Timur dan Distrik Oridek, Provinsi Papua. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni hingga Agustus 2017 yang meliputi pengambilan data lapangan dan pengolahan citra satelit. Metode koreksi radiometrik pada penelitian ini adalah metode linier contrast stretching dengan menggunakan software ErMapper 7.0. Komposit Citra Proses komposit band dilakukan untuk proses klasifikasi, dimana pemilihan band yang akan digunakan harus disesuaikan dengan tujuan klasifikasi. Untuk proses identifikasi vegetasi mangrove berdasarkan interpretasi citra satelit Landsat 8 digunakan komposit RGB (red green blue) 564 (Pratama dan Isdianto 2017). Proses klarifikasi terbimbing citra satelit Landsat 8 pada penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan software ErMapper 7.0. Uji Ketelitian/Akurasi Validasi hasil dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara hasil klasifikasi citra dengan kondisi di lapangan. Data lapangan mencakup data hasil pengambilan posisi mangrove dan non-mangrove menggunakan GPS yang akan digunakan untuk proses validasi dan mengetahui tingkat akurasi hasil klasifikasi. Nilai kerapatan mangrove ditentukan dengan menggunakan hasil dari perhitungan NDVI, maka nilai kelas NDVI tersebut diklasifikasi ulang (reclass) menjadi tiga kelas, yaitu kerapatan jarang, sedang dan padat
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