Pelvic emergency clamps: anatomic landmarks for a safe primary application.

Abstract

The application of the pelvic clamp as a tool for emergency stabilization of unstable pelvic ring fractures has proved to be a life-saving procedure. Using correct technique, the pelvic clamp can be applied within a few minutes after the patient's admission. To avoid severe complications (eg, pin perforation into the pelvis) during the application, anatomic landmarks for the correct pin placement have to be defined. The surface landmarks that are presently recommended for the correct pin placement are not always reliably found due to deformation of the body surface caused by swelling and hematoma. Our experience with 43 emergency applications of the pelvic C-clamp showed that reliable anatomic landmarks on the bony surface of the innominate bone could be identified to ensure correct pin placement. The ideal insertion point of the pins is an anatomic region on the lateral cortex of the ileum, where an easily palpable "groove" is formed by angulations of the lateral cortex of the iliac wing. Being increasingly used as an entry point for percutaneous transiliosacral screw fixations of sacroiliac joint injuries and sacral fractures, this region, which is close to the sacroiliac joint, represents an ideal point for maximum compression of the posterior pelvic ring. With the described technique, this "groove" can be identified easily even in emergency situations by blunt palpation with an instrument, avoiding the time-consuming use of a fluoroscope in most cases.