Abstract
Objective: Though biopsy is ultimately the gold standard for breast cancer detection, medical imaging can be a valuable tool for gathering information in vivo for both screening and diagnosis. In this study, we propose the use of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) modified with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a biocompatible contrast agent in X- ray imaging of breast cancer in mouse model. . Methods: Gold nanoparticles in spherical shape were coated with PEG and the interaction was investigated by UV/vis spectroscopy. The UV/vis analysis was performed to check the stability of PEG-GNPs complex in human blood serum. The biodistribution and X–ray imaging studies were performed to evaluate the localization of PEGylated GNPs in xenografted breast tumor in mouse model. Results: The interaction of PEG with GNPs was confirmed by UV–vis spectroscopy. The stability of PEG-GNPs was found high at human blood serum with no aggregation. The biodistribution study showed the accumulation of PEGylated GNPs in the site of tumor. The tumor was properly visualized in X-ray images in mouse model. Conclusions: The results showed the potential of PEGylated gold nanoparticles as a contrast agent for X-ray imaging of breast cancer in humans that needs further investigations.
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