Abstract
Significant advancements have been made in cyber aggression literature, with many studies revealing the consequences associated with adolescents’ involvement in these behaviors. Few studies have focused on cyber aggression involvement in China, India, and Japan. The present study examined differences in cyber aggression perpetration and victimization among 1637 adolescents living in China, India, and Japan, while controlling for face-to-face bullying involvement, individualism, and collectivism. Another aim of the present study was to examine country of origin and cyber aggression involvement (i.e., the uninvolved, cyberaggressor-cybervictims, cyberaggressors, and cybervictims) differences in peer attachment. Findings revealed that adolescents from India had the highest levels of cyber aggression involvement when compared to adolescents from China or Japan. Chinese adolescents engaged in more cyber aggression perpetration and were victimized more by cyber aggression when compared to Japanese adolescents. No country of origin differences were found for peer attachment. However, uninvolved adolescents reported higher levels of peer attachment when compared to the other groups. Cyberaggressor-cybervictims had the lowest levels of peer attachment, followed by cybervictims and cyberaggressors. These results suggest that there should be concern about cyber aggression involvement among adolescents in these countries, especially in India, where cyber aggression research has been slow to develop.
Highlights
Most adolescents have spent their lives completely enmeshed in a digital world, with various opportunities and information at their fingertips
The present study provided a much needed examination of the differences in cyber aggression perpetration and victimization among Chinese, Indian, and Japanese adolescents as well as the differences in the cyber aggression involvement classifications for peer attachment
It is among a few studies to control for face-to-face aggression involvement and cultural values when examining these differences, which is a methodological improvement and an important direction for researchers interested in the role of culture in cyber aggression perpetration and victimization
Summary
Most adolescents have spent their lives completely enmeshed in a digital world, with various opportunities and information at their fingertips. Technology usage has many benefits for adolescents, allowing them to quickly communicate with friends and family and to access a wealth of information quickly. The literature has been advancing on cyber aggression, moving from frequency rates to the behavioral characteristics and consequences, little attention has been given to the role of peer relationships in these behaviors. Of this literature, research indicates that perpetrators of cyber aggression are often peers at adolescents’ schools and that peer rejection is related to cyber aggression, perpetration, and victimization [1,2].
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