Abstract
The physical and chemical properties as well as the land-use range of many arable soils in Ireland have been improved by man's agricultural activities. The amount of improvement is directly related to the intensity of human activity. The classification of the soils studied has changed as a result of man's influence from peats (Histosols) and peaty podzolised gleys (Haplaquods) to plaggen soils (Plaggepts). pH levels have been increased even in the C horizons and where sea sand has been added in large quantities the man-made surface horizon (plaggen soil) is strongly calcareous. Organic matter has been drastically reduced and the surface texture has been changed from a peat to a loamy coarse sand. Phosphorus, sodium and magnesium are very low in the undisturbed soil but are extremely high in the plaggen soil. The enumerated effects of man's activities represent soil construction much more than soil destruction. The husbandry and economic history of some rural areas in Ireland is recorded in the soil profile, and pedological investigations give a more accurate record of the reclamation process than the written historical records.
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