Pediculotomy as an adjunct to posterior cervical hemilaminectomy, foraminotomy, and discectomy

Abstract

Currently the posterior approach undertaken to perform cervical hemilaminectomy and foraminotomy provides sufficient exposure to treat the majority of lateral soft-disc herniations or osteophytes causing radiculopathy. Limitations imposed by the surgical field, however, often necessitate excessive retraction of the nerve root and epidural venous plexus, which may potentially exacerbate a preexisting radiculopathy or increase intraoperative blood loss. Partial resection of the inferior pedicle augments exposure and enlarges the neural foramen, thus facilitating decompression while minimizing manipulation of the nerve root and epidural venous plexus. With the patient in the prone position, partial hemilaminectomy and foraminotomy are performed using a highspeed 3-mm diamond burr with continuous irrigation. The thecal sac and nerve root are exposed, and the overlying fibroareolar layer is coagulated and incised. With the nerve root protected and under direct vision, the superomedial portion of the inferior pedicle is removed. Nerve root decompression is then performed through this augmented exposure. Partial excision of the pedicle allows for more expeditious removal of the pathological elements causing cervical radiculopathy and requires minimal manipulation of the nerve root and epidural venous plexus. This procedure results in a potential decrease in transient postoperative radiculopathy and minimization of intraoperative blood loss. In addition, the resulting foraminal enlargement enhances the decompression provided by traditional foraminotomy, even if discectomy is not performed.