Pediatric tibial eminence fracture treatment: A case series using a bioabsorbable screw

Abstract

BackgroundPediatric tibial eminence fractures constitute a complex injury with multiple treatment options. We have described a technique that combines direct visualization through an open approach and stable fixation using a bioabsorbable screw. The purpose of this study is to describe our surgical technique for tibial eminence fractures and to compare the radiographic and functional outcomes to previous open or arthroscopic methods. MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed a series of five pediatric patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation of a tibial eminence fracture with a headless, bioabsorbable poly-L lactic acid (PLLA) screw (Bio-Compression screw, Arthrex Inc, Naples, FL) from 2016 to 2017. The surgical technique involves an open approach, direct fracture reduction, and fixation with a PLLA screw without violating the epiphyseal plate. Postoperative assessment was quantified using the Lysholm knee score (LKS), knee arc of motion (AOM), presence of a pivot shift or Lachman, and knee radiographs with an average of 18.4 months of follow-up. ResultsFive patients (average age of 11.3 years) were treated with a biobsorbable screw and followed for an average of 18.4 months. Average LKS was 99.6, AOM was 98.4%, all patients had negative pivot shift and Lachman exams, and all patients went on to radiographic union. No patients required re-operation or implant removal. ConclusionsThe goals of tibial eminence fracture management are fracture union, restoring knee stability, and regaining normal knee motion and kinematics. Our study demonstrates that open treatment with a bioabsorbable screw is an excellent alternative surgical method as it reliably results in rigid fixation, fracture union, excellent knee function scores, and it mitigates the possible need for hardware removal. Level of evidenceTherapeutic Level IV – Case series.