Pediatric Swallowing Function in the Presence of Laryngeal Cleft and Laryngomalacia: a Review of the Literature

Abstract

The etiologies of pediatric dysphagia are complex and varied, and the impact of medical and surgical interventions for laryngeal anomalies on pediatric swallow function is still being defined. We aim to review recent literature on evaluation and management of pediatric dysphagia for children with laryngomalacia (LM) and laryngeal cleft (LC). A review of the literature over the last 5 years was completed using search engines PubMed and Google Scholar. Specific journals reviewed include “The International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology,” “Dysphagia,” “JAMA Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery,” and “The Laryngoscope.” Articles were identified which discuss management of laryngomalacia and laryngeal cleft and the impact on pediatric dysphagia. Management of pediatric dysphagia for patients diagnosed with LM and LC requires multiple considerations including timing of interventions, presence of comorbidities, and coordinated care with multidisciplinary teams. Evaluation of swallow function with the appropriate test at the right time interval is critical for improved patient outcomes and patient safety. Trends toward use of evidence-based clinical pathways are encouraged and supported by recent literature.