Abstract
BackgroundToy-related injuries have increased significantly in the past decade, in particular those related to ride-on toys. This increase has been attributed to movement related events such as falls and inertial impacts. Furthermore, children with disabilities have been reported to be at a greater risk of being injured, and are therefore more susceptible to toy-related injuries. Although, efforts are being made to modify ride-on toys as a method for increasing quality of life in children with disabilities, there are very limited pediatric safety studies regarding children with disabilities and modified ride-on toys.MethodsThis manuscript presents a systematic review of literature summarizing the current state of toy-related injuries including children with and without disabilities. Children exposed to inertial impacts in motor vehicle crashes have also been reviewed to present current pediatric safety testing methodologies and injury tolerance thresholds. Out of 2608 articles, 10 studies were included regarding current trends in toy-related injuries and safety testing methodologies.ConclusionsFrom this study, a gap in the literature was discovered concerning the susceptibility of children with disabilities to toy-related injuries, specifically in relation to ride-on toys and the repercussion surrounding such injuries. It is theorized that such lack of data is due to the difficulty and costs associated with experimental validation. Hence, it is recommended that computer simulations be used to provide preliminary data analysis.
Highlights
Toy-related injuries have increased significantly in the past decade, in particular those related to rideon toys
The results from the wheelchair occupant study were compared with the kinematic limitations and injury criteria of the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS)
The Hybrid III (HIII) 5th seated in the rear showed a considerable chest (52 mm chest deflection, 66 g chest acceleration) and head load (HIC [head injury criterion] = 1047 and acceleration exceeding during a cumulative time interval of 3 ms [cum3ms] = 96 g)
Summary
Toy-related injuries have increased significantly in the past decade, in particular those related to rideon toys. Pediatric safety had garnered more attention as of late in the scientific community (e.g. car seat safety, modified ride on toys for children with disabilities, etc.). Despite this recent interest, limitations exist in the knowledge of pediatric safety testing and tolerance thresholds due to a limited amount of test data. Research is done using anthropomorphic test dummies that model the average child. This presents a problem because it does not account for children with disabilities. In recent years, children with disabilities have seen an increase in opportunities for transportation due to power
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